UPSC CSE Mains 2021 · GS3

Describe the various causes and the effects of landslides. Mention the important components of the National Landslide Risk Management Strategy.

Theme

T27 Landslides in the Himalayas & Western Ghats

What UPSC asks in this theme

A cross-paper theme: GS1 asks why landslides are more frequent in the Himalayas than the Western Ghats; GS3 asks causes, effects and the National Landslide Risk Management Strategy.

What to cover

Himalayas: young fold mountains, seismicity, rainfall, road-cutting, deforestation
Western Ghats: heavy rainfall, laterite soil, quarrying, plantations
NLRMS components: hazard mapping, early warning, awareness, mountain zone regulations
Mitigation: slope stabilisation, drainage, afforestation, building codes

Writing the answer

Comparison questions need a side-by-side of causes
End with a mitigation framework linked to NDMA

These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 4 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.

This question also needs

T160 Disaster management frameworks: DM Act, Sendai, resilience, community, dam safety

On the map

Map module 1: Physical India Map module 4: World physical framework Map module 5: Hazard zones

More PYQs from this theme

All 20 GS3 2021 questions · Technology, Economy, Environment, Security & Disaster Management · Report a typo