Discuss how emerging technologies and globalisation contribute to money laundering. Elaborate measures to tackle the problem of money laundering both at national and international levels.
UPSC asks terror funding sources (counterfeit currency, laundering), FATF compliance, the NMFT conference, emerging tech and money laundering, and the threat to economic sovereignty.
What to cover
FATF recommendations and grey list
PMLA and ED
NMFT conference
Crypto and hawala
Writing the answer
National and international measures
These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 4 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.