GS1 · Indian Heritage & Culture, History, Geography & Society
Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India)
Syllabus line GS1-L11. These 17 themes have PYQs under it; several also draw on other papers.
- T33Oceans & marine environment: currents, salinity, dead zones, oil pollution, marine resources
- T34Coastal zone: resources, erosion & hazard preparedness
- T35Minerals & mining: resource vs environment
- T36Oil & gas: global distribution, shale, refineries
- T37Polar regions: Arctic resources, tundra & India's interest
- T39Location of industries: steel, refineries, sugar, textiles, tea, rubber, corridors
- T44Water security: scarcity, conservation & management
- T46Irrigation & water-use efficiency
- T47River interlinking & water disputes: inter-state and transboundary
- T116Indo-Pacific, Quad, AUKUS & sea lanes: straits, South China Sea, trade shift
- T120India & Africa: resources, digital partnership, influence
- T136Transport connectivity: tolling, UDAN, inland waterways, urban transport
- T137Green Revolution & food self-sufficiency: rice–wheat system, technology missions
- T145Allied & sustainable farming: livestock, fisheries, integrated & organic farming
- T146Space & geospatial technology: Chandrayaan, JWST, NavIC, asteroids, GIS
- T151Nuclear & fusion energy: FBR, ITER, raw materials
- T153Renewable energy transition: solar, wind, EVs, green corridor