UPSC CSE Mains 2015 · GS2
How can the role of NGOs be strengthened in India for development works relating to protection of the environment? Discuss throwing light on the major constraints.
Theme
T80 Environment, courts & civil society: Art 21, environmental PILs, green NGOs & pressure groups
What UPSC asks in this theme
A cross-paper theme: Art 21 and the right to clean environment (firecrackers), Supreme Court constitutionalising environment, environmental pressure groups and NGOs, and policy contradictions causing degradation.
What to cover
- Environmental case laws: MC Mehta, Vellore, Subhash Kumar
- Public trust doctrine, polluter pays, precautionary principle
- Green pressure groups and NGOs (Chipko, Narmada Bachao)
- Policy contradictions between sectors
Writing the answer
- Cite at least two case laws; link GS2 polity with GS3 environment
These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 5 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.
This question also needs
More PYQs from this theme
- GS2202515 marks
- GS2202210 marks
- GS22018
- GS22015
All 20 GS2 2015 questions · Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice & International Relations · Report a typo