The Nobel Prize in Physics of 2014 was jointly awarded to Akasaki, Amano and Nakamura for the invention of Blue LEDs in 1990s. How has this invention impacted the everyday life of human beings?
Questions on blue LEDs' impact, Bose–Einstein statistics, cellulose decomposition, DRS in cricket, FRP composites, run-of-river hydro, S-400, and declining research in universities.
What to cover
Applied science basics behind each named technology
Indian scientists' contributions
Research ecosystem (ANRF)
Writing the answer
Explain mechanism simply, then application
These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 7 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.