Comment on the resource potentials of the long coastline of India and highlight the status of natural hazard preparedness in these areas.

Theme

T34 Coastal zone: resources, erosion & hazard preparedness

What UPSC asks in this theme

Questions ask about the resource potential of India's coastline, hazard preparedness, and coastal erosion with management techniques.

What to cover

• Coastal resources: ports, fisheries, minerals, tourism, blue economy
• Hazards: cyclones, tsunami, sea-level rise, erosion
• Causes of erosion: natural and human (ports, sand mining)
• Hard and soft engineering: seawalls, groynes, mangroves, beach nourishment
• CRZ rules

Writing the answer

• Pair each hazard with a management response

These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 2 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.