What is the concept of a 'demographic winter'? Is the world moving towards such a situation? Elaborate.

Theme

T52 Population & demographic transition

What UPSC asks in this theme

Questions ask about demographic transition, demographic winter, population and poverty, population education, and population density in the Ganga basin.

What to cover

• Demographic transition stages and India's position
• Demographic winter and ageing
• Population–poverty relationship
• Population education objectives
• Density and resources in the Ganga basin

Writing the answer

• Use data (TFR, dependency ratio) carefully

These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 5 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.