Theme T52 · Indian Society

Population & demographic transition

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What UPSC asks

Questions ask about demographic transition, demographic winter, population and poverty, population education, and population density in the Ganga basin.

Prepare these

• Demographic transition stages and India's position
• Demographic winter and ageing
• Population–poverty relationship
• Population education objectives
• Density and resources in the Ganga basin

Answer writing

• Use data (TFR, dependency ratio) carefully

Directive words in these PYQs: Examine (2), Critically (2), Discuss (2), Elaborate (1).

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Syllabus lines covered

• GS1-L7 — Role of women and women's organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies.

All 5 PYQs, newest first

1. GS1202615 marks · 250 wordsGS1-SOC-03-M2026-S01

   Critically examine the challenges of demographic transition in contemporary India

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2. GS1202515 marks · 250 wordsGS1-SOC-03-M2025-Q17

   Discuss the distribution and density of population in the Ganga River Basin with special reference to land, soil and water resources.

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3. GS1202410 marks · 150 wordsGS1-SOC-03-M2024-Q07

   What is the concept of a 'demographic winter'? Is the world moving towards such a situation? Elaborate.

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4. GS12021GS1-SOC-03-M2021-S01

   Discuss the main objectives of Population Education and point out the measures to achieve them in India in detail.

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5. GS12015GS1-SOC-03-M2015-S01

   Critically examine whether growing population is the cause of poverty OR poverty is the main cause of population increase in India.

   Also needs: T74 Poverty: measurement, causes & alleviationCopyReport a typo