UPSC Themes

UPSC CSE Mains 2025 · GS2 · 15 marks · 250 words

Discuss the evolution of collegium system in India. Critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the system of appointment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India and that of the USA.

Theme

T85 Judicial appointments & independence: collegium, NJAC

What UPSC asks in this theme

Questions ask about the collegium vs NJAC, judicial independence, and comparison of SC appointments with the US.

What to cover

Writing the answer

These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 3 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.

This question also needs

T97 Comparative constitutions: UK, USA, France

More PYQs from this theme

  1. GS2202310 marks

    “Constitutionally guaranteed judicial independence is a prerequisite of democracy”. Comment.

  2. GS22017

    Critically examine the Supreme Court’s judgement on ‘National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014’ with reference to appointment of judges of higher judiciary in India.

All 20 GS2 2025 questions · Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice & International Relations · Report a typo