What do you mean by Digital Rupee? In this context, explain the working and progress of India’s Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC).

Theme

T131 Digital economy & digital currency: digitalisation, CBDC

What UPSC asks in this theme

Questions ask the status and problems of digitalisation and how the Digital Rupee (CBDC) works.

What to cover

• UPI and digital public infrastructure
• Digital divide and cyber risks
• CBDC: retail vs wholesale, pilots, vs crypto

Writing the answer

• Explain working, progress, challenges

These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 2 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.