UPSC Prelims · GS Paper 1 · Environment & Ecology
Environment & Ecology: Prelims PYQs with answers
217 questions from 2013 to 2026, newest first. The 2026 answers are not yet final: UPSC releases its official key after the final result.
Q1Prelims 2026
With reference to Madhav National Park, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. It was declared a Tiger Reserve in India in 2025.
- 2. Sakhya Sagar, which is designated as a Ramsar Site, is situated within this National Park.
- 3. Its area is shared between Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
Select the answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2
- (c) 2 and 3
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 · UPSC's official 2026 key is not yet released.
Q2Prelims 2026
Which of the following best explain(s) the rationale for protect-ing mangrove ecosystems in the context of climate resilience?
- I. Mangroves reduce tidal energy and store freshwater, making them ideal sites for paddy cultivation in saline estuarine belts.
- II. Their salt-sensitive roots filter seawater, making mangroves key to converting coastal land into freshwater aquaculture zones.
- III. By withstanding tidal surges and offering biomass resources, mangroves function both as natural bio-shields and liveli-hood bases for rural communities.
Select the answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2
- (c) 2 and 3
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (d) 3 only · UPSC's official 2026 key is not yet released.
Q3Prelims 2026
With respect to the Western Hoolock Gibbons, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. A Sanctuary in North-east India is home to this ape species listed as Endangered in the International Union for Conser-vation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.
- 2. They have specialized brachiation and can easily swing between trees.
- 3. They possess a strong and heavy build like gorillas, yet are remarkably agile tree climbers.
Select the answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2
- (c) 2 and 3
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 · UPSC's official 2026 key is not yet released.
Q4Prelims 2026
Which of the following statements with regard to the arrival of Amur Falcons at Doyang Lake in Nagaland each year from Mon-golia is/are correct?
- 1. It showcases how sustained local conservation efforts can contribute to arrival and protection of the international migratory birds.
- 2. It reflects the global success of advanced tracking technolo-gies that guide migratory birds back to their stopover sites.
- 3. It confirms that Amur Falcons have adapted to permanent residency in India due to favourable habitat changes.
Select the answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2
- (c) 2 and 3
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only · UPSC's official 2026 key is not yet released.
Q5Prelims 2026
Consider the following statements about Rhynchostylis retusa (Foxtail orchid):
- 1. It is an epiphytic orchid.
- 2. The species is endemic to North-east India.
- 3. It is the State flower of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 3
- (c) 2 and 3
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 · UPSC's official 2026 key is not yet released.
Q6Prelims 2026
Which one of the following is the first Plan Vivo certified Re-ducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) project in India?
- (a) Uttarakhand REDD+ project
- (b) ICFRE-ICIMOD Transboundary REDD+ project in North-Eastern Himalayas
- (c) Khasi Hills Community REDD+ project
- (d) Sikkim Mamley Kamrang Community REDD+ project
Show answer
Answer: (c) Khasi Hills Community REDD+ project · UPSC's official 2026 key is not yet released.
Q7Prelims 2026
Which of the following statements in relation to NIRANTAR (National Institute for Research and Application of Natural Re-sources to Transform, Adapt and Build Resilience), a platform of institutions under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Cli-mate Change, is/are correct?
- 1. Ecosystem Survey and Analysis is a vertical under this plat-form, the lead institute of which is Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata.
- 2. Research and Management of Ecosystem Service is a vertical under this platform, the lead institute of which is Central Zoo Authority, New Delhi.
- 3. Capacity Development Support is a vertical under this plat-form, the lead institute of which is Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal.
Select the answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 2 and 3
- (b) 1 and 3 only
- (c) 2 only
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only · UPSC's official 2026 key is not yet released.
Q8Prelims 2026
Consider the following statements with reference to India’s response to climate change:
- I. India’s Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) is a crucial tool for achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.
- II. India’s 4th Biennial Update Report (BUR-4) submitted in December, 2024 recorded around 8% decrease in Green-house gas emissions in 2020 over 2019.
- III. Climate-resilient development necessarily depends on quick and short-term achievement of emission reduction targets.
Which of the following relationships among the above statements is/are correct?
- 1. Statement I is empirically supported by statement II.
- 2. Statement III contradicts the approach implicit in statement I.
- 3. Statement I and statement III together establish the premise of long-term sustainability.
Select the answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2
- (c) 2 and 3
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 · UPSC's official 2026 key is not yet released.
Q9Prelims 2025
With reference to the planet Earth, consider the following statements:
- I. Rain forests produce more oxygen than that produced by oceans.
- II. Marine phytoplankton and photosynthetic bacteria produce about 50% of the world’s oxygen.
- III. Well-oxygenated surface water contains several folds higher oxygen than that in atmospheric air.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) I and II
- (b) II only
- (c) I and III
- (d) None of the above statements is correct
Show answer
Answer: (b) II only
Q10Prelims 2025
Consider the following statements:
- Statement I: Studies indicate that carbon dioxide emissions from cement industry account for more than 5% of global carbon emissions.
- Statement II: Silica-bearing clay is mixed with Limestone while manufacturing cement.
- Statement III: Limestone is converted into lime during clinker production for cement manufacturing.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
- (b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
- (c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
- (d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct
Show answer
Answer: (b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
Q11Prelims 2025
Regarding Peacock tarantula (Gooty tarantula), consider the following statements:
- I. It is an omnivorous crustacean.
- II. Its natural habitat in India is only limited to some forest areas.
- III. In its natural habitat, it is an arboreal species.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) I only
- (b) I and III
- (c) II only
- (d) II and III
Show answer
Answer: (d) II and III
Q12Prelims 2025
Consider the following pairs:
Plant: Description
I. Cassava Woody shrub II. Ginger Herb with pseudostem III. Malabar spinach Herbaceous climber IV. Mint Annual shrub V. Papaya Woody shrub How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
- (a) Only two
- (b) Only three
- (c) Only four
- (d) All the five
Show answer
Answer: (b) Only three
Q13Prelims 2025
Consider the following statements:
- Statement I: At the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28), India refrained from signing the Declaration on Climate and Health.
- Statement II: The COP28 Declaration on Climate and Health is a binding declaration.
- Statement III: If India’s health sector is decarbonized, the resilience of its healthcare system may be compromised.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
- (b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
- (c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
- (d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct
Show answer
Answer: (c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
Q14Prelims 2025
Consider the following statements:
- Statement I: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change is frequently discussed in global discussions on sustainable development and climate change.
- Statement II: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change sets out the principles of carbon markets.
- Statement III: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change intends to promote inter-country non-market strategies to reach their climate targets.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
- (b) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
- (c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
- (d) Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct.
Show answer
Answer: (a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
Q15Prelims 2025
Which one of the following launched the ‘Nature Solutions Finance Hub for Asia and the Pacific’?
- (a) The Asian Development Bank (ADB)
- (b) The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
- (c) The New Development Bank (NDB)
- (d) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
Show answer
Answer: (a) The Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Q16Prelims 2025
Consider the following statements:
- I. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in India are less than 0.5 t CO2/capita.
- II. In terms of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion, India ranks second in the Asia-Pacific region.
- III. Electricity and heat producers are the largest sources of CO2 emissions in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) I and III only
- (b) II only
- (c) II and III only
- (d) I, II and III
Show answer
Answer: (c) II and III only
Q17Prelims 2025
Consider the following statements:
- Statement I: Of the two major ethanol producers in the world, i.e Brazil and the United States of America, the former produces more ethanol than the latter.
- Statement II: Unlike in the United States of America where corn is the principal feedstock for ethanol production, sugarcane is the principal feedstock for ethanol production in Brazil.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I
- (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I
- (c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is not correct
- (d) Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct
Show answer
Answer: (d) Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct
Q18Prelims 2024
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Lions do not have a particular breeding season.
- 2. Unlike most other big cats, cheetahs do not roar.
- 3. Unlike male lions, male leopards do not proclaim their territory by scent marking.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Q19Prelims 2024
The organisms ‘’Cicada, Froghopper and Pond skater” are:
- (a) Birds
- (b) Fish
- (c) Insects
- (d) Reptiles
Show answer
Answer: (c) Insects
Q20Prelims 2024
Consider the following pairs:
Country Animal found in its natural habitat 1. Brazil Indri 2. Indonesia Elk 3. Madagascar Bonobo How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (d) None
Q21Prelims 2024
Which one of the following shows a unique relationship with an insect that has coevolved with it and that is the only Insect that can pollinate this tree?
- (a) Fig
- (b) Mahua
- (c) Sandalwood
- (d) Silk cotton
Show answer
Answer: (a) Fig
Q22Prelims 2024
Consider the following:
- 1. Butterflies
- 2. Fish
- 3. Frogs
How many of the above have poisonous species among them?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (c) All three
Q23Prelims 2024
Consider the following:
- 1. Cashew
- 2. Papaya
- 3. Red sanders
How many of the above trees are actually native to India?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (a) Only one
Q24Prelims 2024
Consider the following:
- 1. Carabid beetles
- 2. Centipedes
- 3. Flies
- 4. Termites
- 5. Wasps Parasitoid species are found in how many of the above kind of organisms?
- (a) Only two
- (b) Only three
- (c) Only four
- (d) All five
Show answer
Answer: (b) Only three
Q25Prelims 2024
Consider the following plants:
- 1. Groundnut
- 2. Horse-gram
- 3. Soybean
How many of the above belong to the pea family?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (c) All three
Q26Prelims 2024
Consider the following statements:
- Statement-I: The Indian Flying Fox is placed under the “vermin” category in the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972.
- Statement-II: The Indian Flying Fox feeds on the blood of other animals.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-Il are correct and Statement- II explains Statement-I
- (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement- II does not explain Statement-I
- (c) Statement-1 is correct, but Statement-II in incorrect
- (d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II in correct
Show answer
UPSC dropped this question from the evaluation.
Q27Prelims 2024
Consider the following statements:
- Statement-I: The European Parliament approved The Net-Zero Industry Act recently.
- Statement-II: The European Union intends to achieve carbon neutrality by 2040 and therefore aims to develop all of its own clean technology by that time.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II explains Statement-I
- (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement- II does not explain Statement-1
- (c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
- (d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Show answer
Answer: (c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
Q28Prelims 2024
Which one of the following is the correct description of “100 Million Farmers”?
- (a) It is a platform for accelerating the transition towards food and water systems that are net-zero (carbon), nature-positive and that aims to increase farmer resilience.
- (b) It is an International alliance and a network of individuals and farming organisations interested in supporting and strengthening the development of organic animal husbandry.
- (c) It is a digital platform fully integrated with service providers and built on blockchain that lets buyers, sellers and third parties trade fertilisers quickly and securely.
- (d) It is a platform with the mission of encouraging the farmers to form Farmer Product Organisations or Agribusiness Consortiums, thus facilitating the access to global open markets to sell their products.
Show answer
Answer: (a) It is a platform for accelerating the transition towards food and water systems that are net-zero (carbon), nature-positive and that aims to increase farmer resilience.
Q29Prelims 2023
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature above the boiling point of water.
- 2. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature below the freezing point of water.
- 3. Some microorganisms can grow in a highly acidic environment with a pH below 3.
How many of the above statements are correct?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (c) All three
Q30Prelims 2023
Consider the following statements regarding mercury pollution:
- 1. Gold mining activity is a source of mercury pollution in the world.
- 2. Coal-based thermal power plants cause mercury pollution.
- 3. There is no known safe level of exposure to mercury.
How many of the above statements are correct?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (b) Only two
Q31Prelims 2023
Consider the following statements:
- Statement-I:
Marsupials are not naturally found in India.
- Statement-II:
Marsupials can thrive only in montane grasslands with no predators.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is the correct explanation for Statement-I
- (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I
- (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
- (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
Show answer
Answer: (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
Q32Prelims 2023
Invasive Species Specialist Group' (that develops Global Invasive Species Database) belongs to which one of the following organizations?
- (a) The International Union for Conservation of Nature
- (b) The United Nations Environment Programme
- (c) The United Nations World Commission for Environment and Development
- (d) The World Wide Fund for Nature
Show answer
Answer: (a) The International Union for Conservation of Nature
Q33Prelims 2023
Consider the following fauna:
- 1. Lion-tailed Macaque
- 2. Malabar Civet
- 3. Sambar Deer
How many of the above are generally nocturnal or most active after sunset?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (a) Only one
Q34Prelims 2023
Which of the following organisms perform waggle dance for others of their kin to indicate the direction and the distance to a source of their food?
- (a) Butterflies
- (b) Dragonflies
- (c) Honey Bees
- (d) Wasps
Show answer
Answer: (c) Honey Bees
Q35Prelims 2023
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Some mushrooms have medicinal properties.
- 2. Some mushrooms have psychoactive properties.
- 3. Some mushrooms have insecticidal properties.
- 4. Some mushrooms have bioluminescent properties.
How many of the above statements are correct?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) Only three
- (d) All four
Show answer
Answer: (d) All four
Q36Prelims 2023
Consider the following statements regarding the Indian squirrels:
- 1. They build nests by making burrows in the ground.
- 2. They store their food materials like nuts and seeds in the ground.
- 3. They are omnivorous.
How many of the above statements are correct?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (b) Only two
Q37Prelims 2023
Which one of the following makes a tool with a stick to scrape insects from a hole in a tree or a log of wood?
- (a) Fishing cat
- (b) Orangutan
- (c) Otter
- (d) Sloth bear
Show answer
Answer: (b) Orangutan
Q38Prelims 2023
Consider the following statements:
- 1. In India, the Biodiversity Management Committees are key to the realisation of the objectives of the Nagoya Protocol.
- 2. The Biodiversity Management Committees have important functions in determining access and benefit sharing, including the power to levy collection fees on the access of biological resources within its jurisdiction.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Q39Prelims 2023
Consider the following statements:
Once the Central Government notifies an area as a 'Community Reserve'
- 1. the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of such forest
- 2. Hunting is not allowed in such area
- 3. People of such area are allowed to collect non-timber forest produce
- 4. People of such area are allowed traditional agricultural practices
How many of the above statements are correct?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) Only three
- (d) All four
Show answer
Answer: (b) Only two
Q40Prelims 2023
Consider the following statements:
- Statement-I:
Carbon markets are likely to be one of the most widespread tools in the fight against climate change.
- Statement-II:
Carbon markets transfer resources from the private sector to the State.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is the correct explanation for Statement-I
- (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I
- (c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
- (d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
Show answer
Answer: (b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I
Q41Prelims 2023
Consider the following:
- 1. Aerosols
- 2. Foam agents
- 3. Fire retardants
- 4. Lubricants In the making of how many of the above are hydrofluorocarbons used?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) Only three
- (d) All four
Show answer
Answer: (c) Only three
Q42Prelims 2023
With reference to green hydrogen, consider the following statements:
- 1. It can be used directly as a fuel for internal combustion.
- 2. It can be blended with natural gas and used as fuel for heat or power generation.
- 3. It can be used in the hydrogen fuel cell to run vehicles.
How many of the above statements are correct?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (c) All three
Q43Prelims 2023
Consider the following activities:
- 1. Spreading finely ground basalt rock on farmlands extensively
- 2. Increasing the alkalinity of oceans by adding lime
- 3. Capturing carbon dioxide released by various industries and pumping it into abandoned subterranean mines in the form of carbonated waters
How many of the above activities are often considered and discussed for carbon capture and sequestration?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (c) All three
Q44Prelims 2023
Consider the following trees:
- 1. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)
- 2. Mahua (Madhuca indica)
- 3. Teak (Tectona grandis)
How many of the above are deciduous trees?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (b) Only two
Q45Prelims 2023
With reference to the role of biofilters in Recirculating Aquaculture System, consider the following statements:
- 1. Biofilters provide waste treatment by removing uneaten fish feed.
- 2. Biofilters convert ammonia present in fish waste to nitrate.
- 3. Biofilters increase phosphorus as a nutrient for fish in water.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) Only one
- (b) Only two
- (c) All three
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (b) Only two
Q46Prelims 2022
Certain species of which one of the following organisms are well known as cultivators of fungi?
- (a) Ant
- (b) Cockroach
- (c) Crab
- (d) Spider
Show answer
Answer: (a) Ant
Q47Prelims 2022
The “Miyawaki method” is well known for the:
- (a) Promotion of commercial farming in arid and semi-arid areas
- (b) Development of gardens using genetically modified flora
- (c) Creation of mini forests in urban areas
- (d) Harvesting wind energy on coastal areas and on sea surfaces
Show answer
Answer: (c) Creation of mini forests in urban areas
Q48Prelims 2022
“Biorock technology” is talked about in which one of the following situations?
- (a) Restoration of damaged coral reefs
- (b) Development of building materials using plant residues
- (c) Identification of areas for exploration/extraction of shale gas
- (d) Providing salt licks for wild animals in forests/protected areas
Show answer
Answer: (a) Restoration of damaged coral reefs
Q49Prelims 2022
Which of the following are nitrogen-fixing plants?
- 1. Alfalfa
- 2. Amaranth
- 3. Chickpea
- 4. Clover
- 5. Purslane (Kulfa)
- 6. Spinach
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 3 and 4 only
- (b) 1, 3, 5 and 6 only
- (c) 2, 4, 5 and 6 only
- (d) 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1, 3 and 4 only
Q50Prelims 2022
“If rainforests and tropical forests are the lungs of the Earth, then surely wetlands function as its kidneys.” Which one of the following functions of wetlands best reflects the above statement?
- (a) The water cycle in wetlands involves surface runoff, subsoil percolation and evaporation.
- (b) Algae form the nutrient base upon which fish, crustaceans, molluscs, birds, reptiles and mammals thrive.
- (c) Wetlands play a vital role in maintaining sedimentation balance and soil stabilization.
- (d) Aquatic plants absorb heavy metals and excess nutrients.
Show answer
Answer: (d) Aquatic plants absorb heavy metals and excess nutrients.
Q51Prelims 2022
Consider the following:
- 1. Carbon monoxide
- 2. Nitrogen oxide
- 3. Ozone
- 4. Sulphur dioxide Excess of which of the above in the environment is/are cause(s) of acid rain?
- (a) 1, 2 and 3
- (b) 2 and 4 only
- (c) 4 only
- (d) 1, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 4 only
Q52Prelims 2022
Among the following crops, which one is the most important anthropogenic source of both methane and nitrous oxide?
- (a) Cotton
- (b) Rice
- (c) Sugarcane
- (d) Wheat
Show answer
Answer: (b) Rice
Q53Prelims 2022
With reference to polyethylene terephthalate, the use of which is so widespread in our daily lives, consider the following statements:
- 1. Its fibres can be blended with wool and cotton fibres to reinforce their properties.
- 2. Containers made of it can be used to store any alcoholic beverage.
- 3. Bottles made of it can be recycled into other products.
- 4. Articles made of it can be easily disposed of by incineration without causing greenhouse gas emissions.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1 and 3
- (b) 2 and 4
- (c) 1 and 4
- (d) 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 and 3
Q54Prelims 2022
In the context of WHO Air Quality Guidelines, consider the following statements:
- 1. The 24-hour mean of PM2.5 should not exceed 15 μg/m3 and annual mean of PM2.5 should not exceed 5μg/m3.
- 2. In a year, the highest levels of ozone pollution occur during the periods of inclement weather.
- 3. PM10 can penetrate the lung barrier and enter the bloodstream.
- 4. Excessive ozone in the air can trigger asthma.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1, 3 and 4
- (b) 1 and 4 only
- (c) 2, 3 and 4
- (d) 1 and 2 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1 and 4 only
Q55Prelims 2022
With reference to “Gucchi” sometimes mentioned in the news, consider the following statements:
- 1. It is a fungus.
- 2. It grows in some Himalayan forest areas.
- 3. It is commercially cultivated in the Himalayan foothills of north-eastern India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 1 and 2
- (d) 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 2
Q56Prelims 2022
Which of the following is not a bird?
- (a) Golden Mahseer
- (b) Indian Nightjar
- (c) Spoonbill
- (d) White Ibis
Show answer
Answer: (a) Golden Mahseer
Q57Prelims 2022
Which one of the following has been constituted under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?
- (a) Central Water Commission
- (b) Central Ground Water Board
- (c) Central Ground Water Authority
- (d) National Water Development Agency
Show answer
Answer: (c) Central Ground Water Authority
Q58Prelims 2022
With reference to Indian laws about wildlife protection, consider the following statements:
- 1. Wild animals are the sole property of the government.
- 2. When a wild animal is declared protected, such animal is entitled for equal protection whether it is found in protected areas or outside.
- 3. Apprehension of a protected wild animal becoming a danger to human life is sufficient ground for its capture or killing.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1 and 3
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q59Prelims 2022
“Climate Action Tracker” which monitors the emission reduction pledges of different countries is a:
- (a) Database created by coalition of research organisations
- (b) Wing of “International Panel of Climate Change”
- (c) Committee under “United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change”
- (d) Agency promoted and financed by United Nations Environment Programme and World Bank
Show answer
Answer: (a) Database created by coalition of research organisations
Q60Prelims 2022
Consider the following statements:
- 1. “The Climate Group” is an international non-profit organization that drives climate action by building large networks and runs them.
- 2. The International Energy Agency in partnership with the Climate Group launched a global initiative “EP100”.
- 3. EP100 brings together leading companies committed to driving innovation in energy efficiency and increasing competitiveness while delivering on emission reduction goals.
- 4. Some Indian companies are members of EP100.
- 5. The International Energy Agency is the Secretariat to the “Under2 Coalition”.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1, 2, 4 and 5
- (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
- (c) 2, 3 and 5 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
Q61Prelims 2022
Which one of the following best describes the term “greenwashing”?
- (a) Conveying a false impression that a company’s products are eco-friendly and environmentally sound
- (b) Non-inclusion of ecological/environmental costs in the Annual Financial Statements of a country
- (c) Ignoring the disastrous ecological consequences while undertaking infrastructure development
- (d) Making mandatory provisions for environmental costs in a government project/programme
Show answer
Answer: (a) Conveying a false impression that a company’s products are eco-friendly and environmentally sound
Q62Prelims 2022
“System of Rice Intensification” of cultivation, in which alternate wetting and drying of rice fields is practised, results in
- 1. Reduced seed requirement
- 2. Reduced methane production
- 3. Reduced electricity consumption
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q63Prelims 2021
What is blue carbon?
- (a) Carbon captured by oceans and coastal ecosystems
- (b) Carbon sequestered in forest biomass and agricultural soils
- (c) Carbon contained in petroleum and natural gas
- (d) Carbon present in atmosphere
Show answer
Answer: (a) Carbon captured by oceans and coastal ecosystems
Q64Prelims 2021
In case of which one of the following biogeochemical cycles, the weathering of rocks is the main source of release of nutrients to enter the cycle?
- (a) Carbon cycle
- (b) Nitrogen cycle
- (c) Phosphorus cycle
- (d) Sulphur cycle
Show answer
Answer: (c) Phosphorus cycle
Q65Prelims 2021
Consider the following kinds of organisms:
- 1. Copepods
- 2. Cyanobacteria
- 3. Diatoms
- 4. Foraminifera
Which of the above are primary producers in the food chains of oceans?
- (a) 1 and 2
- (b) 2 and 3
- (c) 3 and 4
- (d) 1 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3
Q66Prelims 2021
In the nature, which of the following is/are most likely to be found surviving on a surface without soil?
- 1. Fern
- 2. Lichen
- 3. Moss
- 4. Mushroom
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 4 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3
- (d) 1, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (c) 2 and 3
Q67Prelims 2021
Which of the following are detritivores?
- 1. Earthworms
- 2. Jellyfish
- 3. Millipedes
- 4. Seahorses
- 5. Woodlice
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1, 2 and 4 only
- (b) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
- (c) 1, 3 and 5 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1, 3 and 5 only
Q68Prelims 2021
Which of the following have species that can establish a symbiotic relationship with other organisms?
- 1. Cnidarians
- 2. Fungi
- 3. Protozoa
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q69Prelims 2021
Consider the following animals:
- 1. Hedgehog
- 2. Marmot
- 3. Pangolin To reduce the chance of being captured by predators, which of the above organisms rolls up/roll up and protects/ protect its/their vulnerable parts?
- (a) 1 and 2
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1 and 3
Q70Prelims 2021
The vegetation of savannah consists of grassland with scattered small trees, but extensive areas have no trees. The forest development in such areas is generally kept in check by one or more or a combination of some conditions. Which of the following are such conditions?
- 1. Burrowing animals and termites
- 2. Fire
- 3. Grazing herbivores
- 4. Seasonal rainfall
- 5. Soil properties
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 2
- (b) 4 and 5
- (c) 2, 3 and 4
- (d) 1, 3 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (c) 2, 3 and 4
Q71Prelims 2021
"Leaf litter decomposes faster than in any other biome and as a result the soil surface is often almost bare. Apart from trees, the vegetation is largely composed of plant forms that reach up into the canopy vicariously, by climbing the trees or growing as epiphytes, rooted on the upper branches of trees." This is the most likely description of
- (a) coniferous forest
- (b) dry deciduous forest
- (c) mangrove forest
- (d) tropical rainforest
Show answer
Answer: (d) tropical rainforest
Q72Prelims 2021
Magnetite particles, suspected to cause neurodegenerative problems, are generated as environmental pollutants from which of the following?
- 1. Brakes of motor vehicles
- 2. Engines of motor vehicles
- 3. Microwave stoves within homes
- 4. Power plants
- 5. Telephone lines
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
- (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
- (c) 3, 4 and 5 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
Q73Prelims 2021
Why is there a concern about copper smelting plants?
- 1. They may release lethal quantities of carbon monoxide into the environment.
- 2. The copper slag can cause the leaching of some heavy metals into the environment.
- 3. They may release sulphur dioxide as a pollutant.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q74Prelims 2021
With reference to furnace oil, consider the following statements:
- 1. It is a product of oil refineries.
- 2. Some industries use it to generate power.
- 3. Its use causes sulphur emissions into the environment.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q75Prelims 2021
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Moringa (drumstick trees) is a leguminous evergreen trees.
- 2. The Tamarind tree is endemic to South Asia.
- 3. In India, most of the tamarind is collected as minor forest produce.
- 4. India exports tamarind and seeds of moringa.
- 5. Seeds of moringa and tamarind can be used in the production of biofuels.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1, 2, 4 and 5
- (b) 3, 4 and 5
- (c) 1, 3 and 4
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (b) 3, 4 and 5
Q76Prelims 2021
Which one of the following is a filter feeder?
- (a) Catfish
- (b) Octopus
- (c) Oyster
- (d) Pelican
Show answer
Answer: (c) Oyster
Q77Prelims 2021
Which one of the following is used in preparing a natural mosquito repellent?
- (a) Congress grass
- (b) Elephant grass
- (c) Lemon grass
- (d) Nut grass
Show answer
Answer: (c) Lemon grass
Q78Prelims 2021
The ‘Common Carbon Metric’, supported by UNEP, has been developed for
- (a) assessing the carbon footprint of building operations around the world
- (b) enabling commercial farming entities around the world to enter carbon emission trading
- (c) enabling governments to assess the overall carbon footprint caused by their countries
- (d) assessing the overall carbon footprint caused by the use of fossil fuels by the world in a unit time
Show answer
Answer: (a) assessing the carbon footprint of building operations around the world
Q79Prelims 2021
With reference to the 'New York Declaration on Forests’, which of the following statements are correct?
- 1. It was first endorsed at the United Nations Climate Summit in 2014.
- 2. It endorses a global timeline to end the loss of forests.
- 3. It is a legally binding international declaration.
- 4. It is endorsed by governments, big companies and indigenous communities.
- 5. India was one of the signatories at its inception.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1, 2 and 4
- (b) 1, 3 and 5
- (c) 3 and 4
- (d) 2 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 4
Q80Prelims 2021
'R2 Code of Practices’ constitutes a tool available for promoting the adoption of
- (a) environmentally responsible practices in electronics recycling industry
- (b) ecological management of ‘Wetlands of International Importance’ under the Ramsar Convention
- (c) sustainable practices in the cultivation of agricultural crops in degraded lands
- (d) ‘Environmental Impact Assessment’ in the exploitation of natural resources
Show answer
Answer: (a) environmentally responsible practices in electronics recycling industry
Q81Prelims 2021
Consider the following statements:
Statement 1: The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) and the Arbor Day Foundation have recently recognized Hyderabad as 2020 Tree City of the World. Statement 2: Hyderabad was selected for the recognition for a year following its commitment to grow and maintain the urban forests.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct and Statement 2 is the correct explanation for Statement 1
- (b) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct but Statement 2 is not the correct explanation for Statement 1
- (c) Statement 1 is correct but Statement 2 is not correct
- (d) Statement 1 is not correct but Statement 2 is correct
Show answer
Answer: (d) Statement 1 is not correct but Statement 2 is correct
Q82Prelims 2021
How is permaculture farming different from conventional chemical farming?
- 1. Permaculture farming discourages monocultural practices but in conventional chemical farming, monoculture practices are predominant.
- 2. Conventional chemical farming can cause an increase in soil salinity but the occurrence of such phenomenon is not observed in permaculture farming.
- 3. Conventional chemical farming is easily possible in semi-arid regions but permaculture farming is not so easily possible in such regions.
- 4. Practice of mulching is very important in permaculture farming but not necessarily so in conventional chemical farming.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 3
- (b) 1, 2 and 4
- (c) 4 only
- (d) 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4
Q83Prelims 2021
With reference to ‘palm oil’, consider the following statements:
- 1. The palm oil tree is native to Southeast Asia.
- 2. The palm oil is a raw material for some industries producing lipstick and perfumes.
- 3. The palm oil can be used to produce biodiesel.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q84Prelims 2021
Among the following, which one is the least water-efficient crop?
- (a) Sugarcane
- (b) Sunflower
- (c) Pearl millet
- (d) Red gram
Show answer
Answer: (a) Sugarcane
Q85Prelims 2021
In the context of India's preparation for Climate-Smart Agriculture, consider the following statements:
- 1. The 'Climate-Smart Village' approach in India is a part of a project led by the Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), an international research programme.
- 2. The project of CCAFS is carried out under Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGLAR) headquartered in France.
- 3. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) in India is one of the CGIAR's research centres.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q86Prelims 2020
Which of the following are the most likely places to find the musk deer in its natural habitat?
- 1. Askot Wildlife Sanctuary
- 2. Gangotri National Park
- 3. Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary
- 4. Manas National Park
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 3 and 4 only
- (d) 1 and 4 only
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Q87Prelims 2020
Which one of the following protected areas is well-known for the conservation of a sub-species of the Indian swamp deer (Barasingha) that thrives well on hard ground and is exclusively graminivorous?
- (a) Kanha National Park
- (b) Manas National Park
- (c) Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary
- (d) Tal Chhapar Wildlife Sanctuary
Show answer
Answer: (a) Kanha National Park
Q88Prelims 2020
Among the following Tiger Reserves, which one has the largest area under “Critical Tiger Habitat”?
- (a) Corbett
- (b) Ranthambore
- (c) Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam
- (d) Sunderbans
Show answer
Answer: (c) Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam
Q89Prelims 2020
With reference to India’s Desert National Park, which of the following statements are correct?
- 1. It is spread over two districts.
- 2. There is no human habitation inside the Park.
- 3. It is one of the natural habitats of the Great Indian Bustard.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q90Prelims 2020
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Coal ash contains arsenic, lead and mercury.
- 2. Coal-fired power plants release sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen into the environment.
- 3. High ash content is observed in Indian coal.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q91Prelims 2020
Which of the following are the reasons/factors for exposure to benzene pollution?
- 1. Automobile exhaust
- 2. Tobacco smoke
- 3. Wood burning
- 4. Using varnished wooden furniture
- 5. Using products made of polyurethane
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
- (b) 2 and 4 only
- (c) 1, 3 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
Q92Prelims 2020
With reference to India's biodiversity, Ceylon frogmouth, Coppersmith barbet, Gray-chinned minivet and White-throated redstart are
- (a) Birds
- (b) Primates
- (c) Reptiles
- (d) Amphibians
Show answer
Answer: (a) Birds
Q93Prelims 2020
With reference to Indian elephants, consider the following statements:
- 1. The leader of an elephant group is a female.
- 2. The maximum gestation period can be 22 months.
- 3. An elephant can normally go on calving till the age of 40 years only.
- 4. Among the States in India, the highest elephant population is in Kerala.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 4 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 3, and 4 only
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Q94Prelims 2020
If a particular plant species is placed under Schedule VI of The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, what is the implication?
- (a) A licence is required to cultivate that plant.
- (b) Such a plant cannot be cultivated under any circumstances.
- (c) It is a Genetically Modified crop plant.
- (d) Such a plant is invasive and harmful to the ecosystem.
Show answer
Answer: (a) A licence is required to cultivate that plant.
Q95Prelims 2020
Consider the following statements:
- 1. 36% of India’s districts are classified as “overexploited” or “critical” by the Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA).
- 2. CGWA was formed under the Environment (Protection) Act.
- 3. India has the largest area under groundwater irrigation in the world.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 2 only
- (d) 1 and 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q96Prelims 2020
Which one of the following statements best describes the term 'Social Cost of Carbon'?
It is a measure, in monetary value, of the
- (a) long-term damage done by a tonne of CO2 emissions in a given year.
- (b) requirement of fossil fuels for a country to provide goods and services to its citizens, based on the burning of those fuels.
- (c) efforts put in by a climate refugee to adapt to live in a new place.
- (d) contribution of an individual person to the carbon footprint on the planet Earth.
Show answer
Answer: (a) long-term damage done by a tonne of CO2 emissions in a given year.
Q97Prelims 2020
According to India's National Policy on Biofuels, which of the following can be used as raw materials for the production of biofuels?
- 1. Cassava
- 2. Damaged wheat grains
- 3. Groundnut seeds
- 4. Horse grams
- 5. Rotten potatoes
- 6. Sugar beet
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 2, 5 and 6 only
- (b) 1, 3, 4 and 6 only
- (c) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1, 2, 5 and 6 only
Q98Prelims 2020
In rural road construction, the use of which of the following is preferred for ensuring environmental sustainability or to reduce carbon footprint?
- 1. Copper slag
- 2. Cold mix asphalt technology
- 3. Geotextiles
- 4. Hot mix asphalt technology
- 5. Portland cement
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
- (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
- (c) 4 and 5 only
- (d) 1 and 5 only
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
Q99Prelims 2020
Steel slag can be the material for which of the following?
- 1. Construction of base road
- 2. Improvement of agricultural soil
- 3. Production of cement
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q100Prelims 2020
What is the use of biochar in farming?
- 1. Biochar can be used as a part of the growing medium in vertical farming.
- 2. When biochar is a part of the growing medium, it promotes the growth of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.
- 3. When biochar is a part of the growing medium, it enables the growing medium to retain water for a longer time.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q101Prelims 2020
In the context of India, which of the following is/are considered to be practice(s) of eco-friendly agriculture?
- 1. Crop diversification
- 2. Legume intensification
- 3. Tensiometer use
- 4. Vertical farming
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
Q102Prelims 2020
What is/are the advantage/advantages of zero tillage in agriculture?
- 1. Sowing of wheat is possible without burning the residue of the previous crop.
- 2. Without the need for a nursery of rice saplings, direct planting of paddy seeds in the wet soil is possible.
- 3. Carbon sequestration in the soil is possible.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q103Prelims 2020
What are the advantages of fertigation in agriculture?
- 1. Controlling the alkalinity of irrigation water is possible.
- 2. Efficient application of Rock Phosphate and all other phosphatic fertilizers is possible.
- 3. Increased availability of nutrients to plants is possible.
- 4. Reduction in the leaching of chemical nutrients is possible.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 2 and 3
- (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
- (c) 1, 3 and 4 only
- (d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1, 3 and 4 only
Q104Prelims 2019
Which one of the following National Parks lies completely in the temperate alpine zone?
- (a) Manas National Park
- (b) Namdapha National Park
- (c) Neora Valley National Park
- (d) Valley of Flowers National Park
Show answer
Answer: (d) Valley of Flowers National Park
Q105Prelims 2019
Which of the following are in Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve?
- (a) Neyyar, Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve.
- (b) Mudumalai, Sathyamangalam and Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Silent Valley National Park.
- (c) Kaundinya, Gundla Brahmeswaram and Papikonda Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Mukurthi National Park.
- (d) Kawal and Sri Venkateswara Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve.
Show answer
Answer: (a) Neyyar, Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve.
Q106Prelims 2019
In India, the use of carbofuran, methyl parathion, phorate and triazophos is viewed with apprehension. These chemicals are used as
- (a) pesticides in agriculture.
- (b) preservatives in processed foods.
- (c) fruit-ripening agents.
- (d) moisturising agents in cosmetics.
Show answer
Answer: (a) pesticides in agriculture.
Q107Prelims 2019
In the context of which one of the following are the terms ‘pyrolysis and plasma gasification’ mentioned?
- (a) Extraction of rare earth elements
- (b) Natural gas extraction technologies
- (c) Hydrogen fuel-based automobiles
- (d) Waste-to-energy technologies
Show answer
Answer: (d) Waste-to-energy technologies
Q108Prelims 2019
Consider the following:
- 1. Carbon monoxide
- 2. Methane
- 3. Ozone
- 4. Sulphur dioxide
Which of the above are released into the atmosphere due to the burning of crop/biomass residue?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
- (c) 1 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q109Prelims 2019
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Agricultural soils release nitrogen oxides into the environment.
- 2. Cattle release ammonia into the environment.
- 3. The poultry industry releases reactive nitrogen compounds into the environment.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 2 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q110Prelims 2019
Why is there a great concern about the ‘microbeads' that are released into the environment?
- (a) They are considered harmful to marine ecosystems.
- (b) They are considered to cause skin cancer in children.
- (c) They are small enough to be absorbed by crop plants in irrigated fields.
- (d) They are often found to be used as food adulterants.
Show answer
Answer: (a) They are considered harmful to marine ecosystems.
Q111Prelims 2019
Consider the following pairs:
Wildlife Naturally found in 1. Blue-finned Mahseer Cauvery River 2. Irrawaddy Dolphin Chambal River 3. Rusty Spotted Cat Eastern Ghats Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q112Prelims 2019
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Some species of turtles are herbivores.
- 2. Some species of fish are herbivores.
- 3. Some species of marine mammals are herbivores.
- 4. Some species of snakes are viviparous.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2, 3, and 4 only
- (c) 2 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q113Prelims 2019
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Asiatic lions are naturally found in India only.
- 2. Double-humped camels are naturally found in India only.
- 3. One-horned rhinoceros are naturally found in India only.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only
Q114Prelims 2019
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Under Ramsar Convention, it is mandatory on the part of the Government of India to protect and conserve all the wetlands in the territory of India.
- 2. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 were framed by the Government of India based on the recommendation of the Ramsar Convention.
- 3. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 also encompass the drainage area or catchment regions of the wetlands as determined by the authority.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 3 only
Q115Prelims 2019
As per the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 in India, which one of the following statements is correct?
- (a) Waste generators have to segregate waste into five categories.
- (b) The Rules are applicable to notified urban local bodies, notified towns and all industrial townships only.
- (c) The Rules provide for exact and elaborate criteria for the identification of sites for landfills and waste processing facilities.
- (d) It is mandatory on the part of the waste generator that the waste generated in one district cannot be moved to another district.
Show answer
Answer: (c) The Rules provide for exact and elaborate criteria for the identification of sites for landfills and waste processing facilities.
Q116Prelims 2019
Consider the following statements:
The Environment Protection Act, 1986 empowers the Government of India to
- 1. state the requirement of public participation in the process of environmental protection, and the procedure and manner in which it is sought
- 2. lay down the standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from various sources
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q117Prelims 2019
Consider the following statements:
- 1. As per recent amendment to the Indian Forest Act, 1927, forest dwellers have the right to fell the bamboos grown on forest areas.
- 2. As per the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, bamboo is a minor forest produce.
- 3. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forests Rights) Act, 2006 allows ownership of minor forest produce to forest dwellers.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q118Prelims 2019
Consider the following states:
- 1. Chhattisgarh
- 2. Madhya Pradesh
- 3. Maharashtra
- 4. Odisha
With reference to the States mentioned above, in terms of percentage of forest cover to the total area of the State, which one of the following is the correct ascending order?
- (a) 2-3-1-4
- (b) 2-3-4-1
- (c) 3-2-4-1
- (d) 3-2-1-4
Show answer
Answer: (c) 3-2-4-1
Q119Prelims 2019
Consider the following statements:
- 1. As per law, the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority exists at both National and State levels.
- 2. People’s participation is mandatory in the compensatory afforestation programmes carried out under the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only
Q120Prelims 2019
In India, ‘extended producer responsibility’ was introduced as an important feature in which of the following?
- (a) The Bio -medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998
- (b) The Recycled Plastic (Manufacturing and Usage) Rules, 1999
- (c) The e -Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011
- (d) The Food Safety and Standard Regulations, 2011
Show answer
Answer: (c) The e -Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011
Q121Prelims 2019
Which of the following statements are correct about the deposits of ‘methane hydrate’?
- 1. Global warming might trigger the release of methane gas from these deposits.
- 2. Large deposits of ‘methane hydrate’ are found in Arctic Tundra and under the seafloor.
- 3. Methane in the atmosphere oxidised to carbon dioxide after a decade or two.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q122Prelims 2019
In the context of proposals to the use of hydrogen - enriched CNG (H-CNG) as fuel for buses in public transport, consider the following statements:
- 1. The main advantage of the use of H-CNG is the elimination of carbon monoxide emissions.
- 2. H-CNG as fuel reduces carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emissions.
- 3. Hydrogen up to one -fifth by volume can be blended with CNG as fuel for buses.
- 4. H-CNG makes the fuel less expensive than CNG.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q123Prelims 2018
In which one of the following States is Pakhui Wildlife Sanctuary located?
- (a) Arunachal Pradesh
- (b) Manipur
- (c) Meghalaya
- (d) Nagaland
Show answer
Answer: (a) Arunachal Pradesh
Q124Prelims 2018
Why is a plant called Prosopis juliflora often mentioned in the news?
- (a) Its extract is widely used in cosmetics.
- (b) It tends to reduce the biodiversity in the area in which it grows.
- (c) Its extract is used in the synthesis of pesticides.
- (d) None of the above
Show answer
Answer: (b) It tends to reduce the biodiversity in the area in which it grows.
Q125Prelims 2018
Which of the following leaf modifications occur(s) in desert areas to inhibit water loss?
- 1. Hard and waxy leaves
- 2. Tiny leaves
- 3. Thorns instead of leaves
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 2 and 3 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q126Prelims 2018
Which of the following is/are the possible consequence/s of heavy sand mining in riverbeds?
- 1. Decreased salinity in the river
- 2. Pollution of groundwater
- 3. Lowering of the water - table
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q127Prelims 2018
The term "sixth mass extinction/sixth extinction" is often mentioned in the news in the context of the discussion of
- (a) Widespread monoculture practices in agriculture and large-scale commercial farming with indiscriminate use of chemicals in many parts of the world that may result in the loss of good native ecosystems.
- (b) Fears of a possible collision of a meteorite with the Earth in the near future in the manner it happened 65 million years ago that caused the mass extinction of many species including those of dinosaurs.
- (c) Large-scale cultivation of genetically modified crops in many parts of the world and promoting their cultivation in other parts of the world which may cause the disappearance of good native crop plants and the loss of food biodiversity.
- (d) Mankind's overexploitation/misuse of natural resources, fragmentation/loss of natural habitats, destruction of ecosystems, pollution, and global climate change.
Show answer
Answer: (d) Mankind's overexploitation/misuse of natural resources, fragmentation/loss of natural habitats, destruction of ecosystems, pollution, and global climate change.
Q128Prelims 2018
The Partnership for Action on Green Economy (PAGE), a UN mechanism to assist countries transition towards greener and more inclusive economies, emerged at
- (a) The Earth Summit on Sustainable Development 2002, Johannesburg
- (b) The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development 2012, Rio de Janeiro
- (c) The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change 2015, Paris
- (d) The World Sustainable Development Summit 2016, New Delhi
Show answer
Answer: (b) The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development 2012, Rio de Janeiro
Q129Prelims 2018
"Momentum for Change: Climate Neutral Now" is an initiative launched by
- (a) The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- (b) The UNEP Secretariat
- (c) The UNFCCC Secretariat
- (d) The World Meteorological Organisation
Show answer
Answer: (c) The UNFCCC Secretariat
Q130Prelims 2018
With reference to the 'Global Alliance for Climate-Smart Agriculture (GACSA)', which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. GACSA is an outcome of the Climate Summit held in Paris in 2015.
- 2. Membership of GACSA does not create any binding obligations.
- 3. India was instrumental in the creation of GACSA.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q131Prelims 2018
How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT) different from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)?
- 1. The NGT has been established by an Act whereas the CPCB has been created by an executive order of the Government.
- 2. The NGT provides environmental justice and helps reduce the burden of litigation in the higher courts whereas the CPCB promotes cleanliness of streams and wells, and aims to improve the quality of air in the country.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q132Prelims 2018
Consider the following statements:
- 1. The definition of "Critical Wildlife Habitat" is incorporated in the Forest Rights Act, 2006.
- 2. For the first time in India, Baigas have been given Habitat Rights.
- 3. Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change officially decides and declares Habitat Rights for Primitive and Vulnerable Tribal Groups in any part of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Q133Prelims 2018
Which of the following statements best describes "carbon fertilisation"?
- (a) Increased plant growth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
- (b) Increased temperature of Earth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
- (c) Increased acidity of oceans as a result of increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
- (d) Adaptation of all living beings on Earth to the climate change brought about by the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Show answer
Answer: (a) Increased plant growth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Q134Prelims 2018
With reference to agricultural soils, consider the following statements:
- 1. A high content of organic matter in soil drastically reduces its water holding capacity.
- 2. Soil does not play any role in the sulphur cycle.
- 3. Irrigation over a period of time can contribute to the salinization of some agricultural lands.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 3 only
Q135Prelims 2018
With reference to the circumstances in Indian agriculture, the concept of "Conservation Agriculture" assumes significance.
Which of the following fall under the Conservation Agriculture?
- 1. Avoiding the monoculture practices
- 2. Adopting minimum tillage
- 3. Avoiding the cultivation of plantation crops
- 4. Using crop residues to cover soil surface
- 5. Adopting spatial and temporal crop sequencing/crop rotations
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 3 and 4 only
- (b) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
- (c) 2, 4 and 5 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
Show answer
Answer: (c) 2, 4 and 5 only
Q136Prelims 2017
Due to some reasons, if there is a huge fall in the population of species of butterflies, what could be its likely consequence/ consequences?
- 1. Pollination of some plants could be adversely affected.
- 2. There could be a drastic increase in the fungal infections of some cultivated plants.
- 3. It could lead to a fall in the population of some species of wasps, spiders, and birds.
Select the correct one using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q137Prelims 2017
In the context of solving pollution problems, what is/are the advantage/advantages of the bioremediation technique?
- 1. It is a technique for cleaning up pollution by enhancing the same biodegradation process that occurs in nature.
- 2. Any contaminant with heavy metals such as cadmium and lead can be readily and completely treated by bioremediation using microorganisms.
- 3. Genetic engineering can be used to create microorganisms specifically designed for bioremediation.
Select the correct option using the given code below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q138Prelims 2017
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a standard criterion for
- (a) Measuring oxygen levels in the blood
- (b) Computing oxygen levels in forest ecosystems
- (c) Pollution assay in aquatic ecosystems
- (d) Assessing oxygen levels in high-altitude regions
Show answer
Answer: (c) Pollution assay in aquatic ecosystems
Q139Prelims 2017
If you want to see gharials in their natural habitat, which one of the following is the best place to visit?
- (a) Bhitarkanika Mangroves
- (b) Chambal River
- (c) Pulicat Lake
- (d) Deepor Beel
Show answer
Answer: (b) Chambal River
Q140Prelims 2017
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) to Reduce Short Lived Climate Pollutants is a unique initiative of G2O group of countries.
- 2. The CCAC focuses on methane, black carbon, and hydrofluorocarbons.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q141Prelims 2017
Consider the following statements in respect of Trade Related Analysis of Fauna and Flora in Commerce (TRAFFIC):
- 1. TRAFFIC is a bureau under the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
- 2. The mission of TRAFFIC is to ensure that trade in wild plants and animals is not a threat to the conservation of nature.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q142Prelims 2017
The term ‘M-STrIPES’ is sometimes seen in the news in the context of
- (a) Captive breeding of Wild Fauna
- (b) Maintenance of Tiger Reserves
- (c) Indigenous Satellite Navigation System
- (d) Security of National Highways
Show answer
Answer: (b) Maintenance of Tiger Reserves
Q143Prelims 2017
In India, if a species of tortoise is declared protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, what does it imply?
- (a) It enjoys the same level of protection as the tiger.
- (b) It no longer exists in the wild, a few individuals are under captive protection; and now it is impossible to prevent its extinction.
- (c) It is endemic to a particular region of India.
- (d) Both (b) and (c) stated above are correct in this context.
Show answer
Answer: (a) It enjoys the same level of protection as the tiger.
Q144Prelims 2017
According to the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, which of the following animals cannot be hunted by any person except under some provisions provided by law?
- 1. Gharial
- 2. Indian wild ass
- 3. Wild buffalo
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q145Prelims 2017
With reference to 'Global Climate Change Alliance', which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. It is an initiative of the European Union.
- 2. It provides technical and financial support to targeted developing countries to integrate climate change into their development policies and budgets.
- 3. It is coordinated by World Resources Institute (WRI) and World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Q146Prelims 2017
In the context of mitigating the impending global warming due to anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide, which of the following can be potential sites for carbon sequestration?
- 1. Abandoned and uneconomic coal seams
- 2. Depleted oil and gas reservoirs
- 3. Subterranean deep saline formations
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q147Prelims 2017
It is possible to produce algae-based biofuels, but what is/are the likely limitation(s) of developing countries in promoting this industry?
- 1. Production of algae-based biofuels is possible in seas only and not on continents.
- 2. Setting up and engineering the algae-based biofuels production requires a high level of expertise/ technology until the construction is complete.
- 3. Economically viable production necessitates the setting up of large-scale facilities, which may raise ecological and social concerns.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q148Prelims 2017
Which of the following statements can help in water conservation in agriculture?
- 1. Reduced or zero tillage of the land
- 2. Applying gypsum before irrigating the field
- 3. Allowing crop residue to remain in the field
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q149Prelims 2016
In the cities of our country, which among the following atmospheric gases are normally considered in calculating the value of the Air Quality Index?
- 1. Carbon dioxide
- 2. Carbon monoxide
- 3. Nitrogen dioxide
- 4. Sulphur dioxide
- 5. Methane
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
- (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
- (c) 1, 4 and 5 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
Q150Prelims 2016
In which of the following regions of India are you most likely to come across the ‘Great Indian Hornbill’ in its natural habitat?
- (a) Sand deserts of northwest India
- (b) Higher Himalayas of Jammu and Kashmir
- (c) Salt marshes of western Gujarat
- (d) Western Ghats
Show answer
Answer: (d) Western Ghats
Q151Prelims 2016
What is/are unique about ‘Kharai camel’, a breed found in India?
- 1. It is capable of swimming up to three kilometers in seawater.
- 2. It survives by grazing on mangroves.
- 3. It lives in the wild and cannot be domesticated.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Q152Prelims 2016
The FAO accords the status of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) to traditional agricultural systems.
What is the overall goal of this initiative?
- 1. To provide modern technology, training in modern farming methods and financial support to local communities of identified GIAHS so as to greatly enhance their agricultural productivity.
- 2. To identify and safeguard eco-friendly traditional farm practices and their associated landscapes, agricultural biodiversity, and knowledge systems of the local communities.
- 3. To provide Geographical Indication status to all the varieties of agricultural produce in such identifies GIAHS.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q153Prelims 2016
With reference to an initiative called ‘The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)’, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. It is an initiative hosted by UNEP, IMF and World Economic Forum.
- 2. It is a global initiative that focuses on drawing attention to the economic benefits of biodiversity.
- 3. It presents an approach that can help decision makers recognize, demonstrate, and capture the value of ecosystems and biodiversity.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 2 and 3 only
Q154Prelims 2016
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Proper design and effective implementation of UNREDD+ Programme can significantly contribute to
- 1. Protection of biodiversity
- 2. Resilience of forest ecosystems
- 3. Poverty reduction
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q155Prelims 2016
What is/are the importance/importances of the ‘United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification’?
- 1. It aims to promote effective action through innovative national programmes and supportive international partnerships.
- 2. It has a special/particular focus on South Asia and North Africa regions, and its Secretariat facilitates the allocation of major portions of financial resources to these regions.
- 3. It is committed to a bottom-up approach, encouraging the participation of local people in combating desertification.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q156Prelims 2016
With reference to ‘Red Sanders’, sometimes seen in the news, consider the following statements:
- 1. It is a tree species found in a part of South India.
- 2. It is one of the most important trees in the tropical rainforest areas of South India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only
Q157Prelims 2016
‘Gadgil Committee Report’ and ‘Kasturirangan Committee Report’, sometimes seen in the news, are related to
- (a) Constitutional reforms
- (b) Ganga Action Plan
- (c) Linking of rivers
- (d) Protection of Western Ghats
Show answer
Answer: (d) Protection of Western Ghats
Q158Prelims 2016
The term ‘Intended Nationally Determined Contributions’ is sometimes seen in the news in the context of
- (a) pledges made by the European countries to rehabilitate refugees from the war-affected Middle East
- (b) plan of action outlined by the countries of the world to combat climate change
- (c) capital contributed by the member countries in the establishment of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
- (d) plan of action outlined by the countries of the world regarding Sustainable Development Goals
Show answer
Answer: (b) plan of action outlined by the countries of the world to combat climate change
Q159Prelims 2016
Consider the following pairs:
Terms sometimes seen in the news Their origin
- 1. Annex-I Countries: Cartagena Protocol
- 2. Certified Emissions Reductions: Nagoya Protocol
- 3. Clean Development Mechanisms: Kyoto Protocol
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 3 only
Q160Prelims 2016
Which of the following best describes the aim of the ‘Green India Mission’ of the Government of India?
- 1. Incorporating environmental benefits and costs into the Union and State Budgets thereby implementing the ‘green accounting’.
- 2. Launching the second green revolution to enhance agricultural output so as to ensure food security to one and all in the future.
- 3. Restoring and enhancing forest cover and responding to climate change by a combination of adaptation and mitigation measures.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 3 only
Q161Prelims 2016
What is the ‘Greenhouse Gas Protocol’?
- (a) It is an international accounting tool for government and business leaders to understand, quantify and manage greenhouse gas emissions.
- (b) It is an initiative of the United Nations to offer financial incentives to developing countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to adopt eco-friendly technologies
- (c) It is an intergovernmental agreement ratified by all the member countries of the United Nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to specified levels by the year 2022
- (d) It is one of the multilateral REDD+ initiatives hosted by the World Bank
Show answer
Answer: (a) It is an international accounting tool for government and business leaders to understand, quantify and manage greenhouse gas emissions.
Q162Prelims 2016
With reference to the agreement at the UNFCCC Meeting in Paris in 2015, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. The agreement was signed by all the member countries of the UN, and it will go into effect in 2017.
- 2. The agreement aims to limit greenhouse gas emissions so that the rise in average global temperature by the end of this century does not exceed 2 o C or even 1.5 o C above pre-industrial levels.
- 3. Developed countries acknowledged their historical responsibility in global warming and committed to donate $ 1000 billion a year from 2020 to help developing countries to cope with climate change.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q163Prelims 2016
Consider the following statements:
- 1. The Sustainable Development Goals were first proposed in 1972 by a global think tank called the ‘Club of Rome’.
- 2. The Sustainable Development Goals have to be achieved by 2030.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q164Prelims 2016
With reference to ‘Agenda 21’, sometimes seen in the news, consider the following statements:
- 1. It is a global action plan for sustainable development.
- 2. It originated in the World Summit on Sustainable Development held in Johannesburg in 2002.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only
Q165Prelims 2015
Which one of the following National Parks has a climate that varies from tropical to subtropical, temperate, and arctic?
- (a) Khangchendzonga National Park
- (b) Nanda Devi National Park
- (c) Neora Valley National Park
- (d) Namdapha National Park
Show answer
Answer: (d) Namdapha National Park
Q166Prelims 2015
Which of the following National Parks is unique in being a swamp with floating vegetation that supports a rich biodiversity?
- (a) Bhitarkanika National Park
- (b) Keibul Lamjao National Park
- (c) Keoladeo Ghana National Park
- (d) Sultanpur National Park
Show answer
Answer: (b) Keibul Lamjao National Park
Q167Prelims 2015
Which one of the following is the best description of the term 'ecosystem'?
- (a) A community of organisms interacting with one another
- (b) That part of the Earth that is inhabited by living organisms
- (c) A community of organisms together with the environment in which they live
- (d) The flora and fauna of a geographical area
Show answer
Answer: (c) A community of organisms together with the environment in which they live
Q168Prelims 2015
Which one of the following regions of India has a combination of mangrove forest, evergreen forest, and deciduous forest?
- (a) North Coastal Andhra Pradesh
- (b) South-West Bengal
- (c) Southern Saurashtra
- (d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Show answer
Answer: (d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Q169Prelims 2015
Which one of the following is the national aquatic animal of India?
- (a) Saltwater crocodile
- (b) Olive Ridley turtle
- (c) Gangetic dolphin
- (d) Gharial
Show answer
Answer: (c) Gangetic dolphin
Q170Prelims 2015
With reference to 'dugong', a mammal found in India, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. It is a herbivorous marine animal.
- 2. It is found along the entire coast of India.
- 3. It is given legal protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q171Prelims 2015
With reference to an organisation known as 'BirdLife International', which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. It is a Global Partnership of Conservation Organisations.
- 2. The concept of 'biodiversity hotspots' originated from this organisation.
- 3. It identifies the sites known/referred to as 'Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas'.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q172Prelims 2015
Which one of the following is associated with the issue of control and phasing out of the use of ozone-depleting substances?
- (a) Bretton Woods Conference
- (b) Montreal Protocol
- (c) Kyoto Protocol
- (d) Nagoya Protocol
Show answer
Answer: (b) Montreal Protocol
Q173Prelims 2015
With reference to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resource (IUCN) and the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. IUCN is an organ of the United Nations and CITES is an international agreement between governments.
- 2. IUCN runs thousands of field projects around the world to better manage natural environments.
- 3. CITES is legally binding on the States that have joined it, but this Conventional does not take the place of national laws.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q174Prelims 2015
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee is constituted under the
- (a) Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006
- (b) Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999
- (c) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
- (d) Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
Show answer
Answer: (c) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Q175Prelims 2015
Which of the following statements regarding 'Green Climate Fund' is/are correct?
- 1. It is intended to assist developing countries in adaptation and mitigation practices to counter climate change.
- 2. It is founded under the aegis of UNEP, OECD, Asian Development Bank and World Bank.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only
Q176Prelims 2015
With reference to ‘fly ash’ produced by the power plants using the coal as fuel, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. Fly ash can be used in the production of bricks for building construction.
- 2. Fly ash can be used as a replacement for some of the Portland cement contents of concrete.
- 3. Fly ash is made up of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide only and does not contain any toxic elements.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Q177Prelims 2015
What can be the impact of excessive/inappropriate use of nitrogenous fertilisers in agriculture?
- 1. Proliferation of nitrogen fixing microorganisms in soil can occur.
- 2. Increase in the acidity of soil can take place.
- 3. Leaching of nitrate to the groundwater can occur.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 2 and 3 only
Q178Prelims 2014
Consider the following pairs:
Wetlands Confluence of rivers 1. Harike Wetlands Confluence of Beas and Satluj/Sutlej 2. Keoladeo Ghana National Park Confluence of Banas and Chambal 3. Kolleru Lake Confluence of Musi and Krishna Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only
Q179Prelims 2014
Which of the following adds/add carbon dioxide to the carbon cycle on the planet Earth?
- 1. Volcanic action
- 2. Respiration
- 3. Photosynthesis
- 4. Decay of organic matter
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1, 2 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 4 only
Q180Prelims 2014
Consider the following:
- 1. Bats
- 2. Bears
- 3. Rodents The phenomenon of hibernation can be observed in which of the above kinds of animals?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1, 2 and 3
- (d) Hibernation cannot be observed in any of the above
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 3
Q181Prelims 2014
Which one of the following is the correct sequence of a food chain?
- (a) Diatoms-Crustaceans-Herrings
- (b) Crustaceans-Diatoms-Herrings
- (c) Diatoms-Herrings-Crustaceans
- (d) Crustaceans-Herrings-Diatoms
Show answer
Answer: (a) Diatoms-Crustaceans-Herrings
Q182Prelims 2014
Among the following organisms, which one does not belong to the class of the other three?
- (a) Crab
- (b) Mite
- (c) Scorpion
- (d) Spider
Show answer
Answer: (a) Crab
Q183Prelims 2014
Which one of the following is the process involved in photosynthesis?
- (a) Potential energy is released to form free energy.
- (b) Free energy is converted into potential energy and stored.
- (c) Food is oxidised to release carbon dioxide and water.
- (d) Oxygen is taken, and carbon dioxide and water vapour are given out.
Show answer
Answer: (b) Free energy is converted into potential energy and stored.
Q184Prelims 2014
Brominated flame retardants are used in many household products like mattresses and upholstery. Why is there some concern about their use?
- 1. They are highly resistant to degradation in the environment.
- 2. They are able to accumulate in humans and animals.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Q185Prelims 2014
There is some concern regarding the nanoparticles of some chemical elements that are used by the industry in the manufacture of various products. Why?
- 1. They can accumulate in the environment and contaminate water and soil.
- 2. They can enter the food chains.
- 3. They can trigger the production of free radicals.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q186Prelims 2014
Which of the following are some important pollutants released by the steel industry in India?
- 1. Oxides of sulphur
- 2. Oxide of nitrogen
- 3. Carbon monoxide
- 4. Carbon dioxide
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 3 and 4 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q187Prelims 2014
With reference to Neem tree, consider the following statements:
- 1. Neem oil can be used as a pesticide to control the proliferation of some species of insects and mites.
- 2. Neem seeds are used in the manufacture of biofuels and hospital detergents.
- 3. Neem oil has applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q188Prelims 2014
Other than poaching, what are the possible reasons for the decline in the population of Ganga River Dolphins?
- 1. Construction of dams and barrages on rivers.
- 2. Increase in the population of crocodiles in rivers.
- 3. Getting trapped in fishing nets accidentally.
- 4. Use of synthetic fertilisers and other agricultural chemicals in crop fields in the vicinity of rivers.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1, 3 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1, 3 and 4 only
Q189Prelims 2014
If you walk through the countryside, you are likely to see some birds stalking alongside the cattle to seize the insects disturbed by their movement through grasses. Which one of the following is/ are such bird/birds?
- 1. Painted Stork
- 2. Common Myna
- 3. Black-necked Crane
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q190Prelims 2014
In India, cluster bean (Guar) is traditionally used as a vegetable or animal feed, but recently the cultivation of this has assumed significance. Which one of the following statements is correct in this context?
- (a) The oil extracted from seeds is used in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics
- (b) The gum made from its seeds is used in the extraction of shale gas
- (c) The leaf extract of this plant has the properties of anti- histamines
- (d) It is a source of high quality biodiesel
Show answer
Answer: (b) The gum made from its seeds is used in the extraction of shale gas
Q191Prelims 2014
If a wetland of international importance is brought under the 'Montreux Record', what does it imply?
- (a) Changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring or are likely to occur in the wetland as a result of human interference.
- (b) The country in which the wetland is located should enact a law to prohibit any human activity within five kilometres from the edge of the wetland.
- (c) The survival of the wetland depends on the cultural practices and traditions of certain communities living in its vicinity and therefore the cultural diversity therein should not be destroyed.
- (d) It is given the status of 'World Heritage Site'.
Show answer
Answer: (a) Changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring or are likely to occur in the wetland as a result of human interference.
Q192Prelims 2014
With reference to 'Global Environment Facility', which of the following statements is/are correct?
- (a) It serves as a financial mechanism for 'Convention on Biological Diversity' and 'United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change'.
- (b) It undertakes scientific research on environmental issues at global level.
- (c) It is an agency under OECD to facilitate the transfer of technology and funds to underdeveloped countries with specific aims to protect their environment.
- (d) Both (a) and (b)
Show answer
Answer: (a) It serves as a financial mechanism for 'Convention on Biological Diversity' and 'United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change'.
Q193Prelims 2014
With reference to a conservation organisation called 'Wetlands International', which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. It is an intergovernmental organisation formed by the countries which are signatories to the Ramsar Convention.
- 2. It works at the field level to develop and mobilise knowledge and use the practical experience to advocate for better policies.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only
Q194Prelims 2014
Consider the following statements regarding 'Earth Hour'
- 1. It is an initiative of UNEP and UNESCO.
- 2. It is a movement in which the participants switch off the lights for one hour on a certain day every year.
- 3. It is a movement to raise awareness about climate change and the need to save the planet.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 2 and 3 only
Q195Prelims 2014
Consider the following international agreements:
- 1. The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.
- 2. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification.
- 3. The World Heritage Convention.
Which of the above has/have a bearing on biodiversity?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Q196Prelims 2014
With reference to Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), consider the following statements:
- 1. It is an autonomous organisation under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
- 2. It strives to conserve nature through action-based research, education, and public awareness.
- 3. It organises and conducts nature trails and camps for the general public.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 2 and 3 only
Q197Prelims 2014
The most important strategy for the conservation of biodiversity together with traditional human life is the establishment of
- (a) Biosphere Reserves
- (b) Botanical gardens
- (c) National Parks
- (d) Wildlife Sanctuaries
Show answer
Answer: (a) Biosphere Reserves
Q198Prelims 2014
Consider the following statements:
- 1. Animal Welfare Board of India was established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
- 2. National Tiger Conservation Authority is a Statutory Body.
- 3. The National Ganga River Basin Authority is chaired by the Prime Minister.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 2 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q199Prelims 2014
With reference to 'Eco-Sensitive Zones', which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. Eco-Sensitive Zones are the areas that are declared under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
- 2. The purpose of the declaration of Eco Sensitive Zones is to prohibit all kinds of human activities in those zones except agriculture.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q200Prelims 2014
The scientific view is that the increase in global temperature should not exceed 2 0 C above pre-industrial level. If the global temperature increases beyond 3 0 C above the pre-industrial level, what can be its possible impact/impacts on the world?
- 1. Terrestrial biosphere tends toward a net carbon source.
- 2. Widespread coral mortality will occur.
- 3. All the global wetlands will permanently disappear.
- 4. Cultivation of cereals will not be possible anywhere in the world.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 2, 3 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1 and 2 only
Q201Prelims 2014
What is/are the significance of a practical approach to sugarcane production known as 'Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative’?
- 1. Seed cost is very low in this compared to the conventional method of cultivation.
- 2. Drip irrigation can be practised very effectively in this.
- 3. There is no application of chemical/inorganic fertilisers at all in this.
- 4. The scope for intercropping is more in this compared to the conventional method of cultivation.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
- (c) 2, 3 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
Q202Prelims 2013
With reference to the food chains in ecosystems, which of the following kinds of organism is/are known as decomposer organism/organisms?
- 1. Virus
- 2. Fungi
- 3. Bacteria
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Q203Prelims 2013
In the grasslands, trees do not replace the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of
- (a) insects and fungi
- (b) limited sunlight and paucity of nutrients
- (c) water limits and fire
- (d) None of the above
Show answer
Answer: (c) water limits and fire
Q204Prelims 2013
Which one of the following is the correct sequence of ecosystems in the order of decreasing productivity?
- (a) Oceans, lakes, grasslands, mangroves
- (b) Mangroves, oceans, grasslands, lakes
- (c) Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans
- (d) Oceans, mangroves, lakes, grasslands
Show answer
Answer: (c) Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans
Q205Prelims 2013
Due to improper/indiscriminate disposal of old and used computers or their parts, which of the following are released into the environment as e-waste?
- 1. Beryllium
- 2. Cadmium
- 3. Chromium
- 4. Heptachlor
- 5. Mercury
- 6. Lead
- 7. Plutonium
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 3, 4, 6, and 7 only
- (b) 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 only
- (c) 2, 4, 5, and 7 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 only
Q206Prelims 2013
Acid rain is caused by the pollution of environment by
- (a) carbon dioxide and nitrogen
- (b) carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
- (c) ozone and carbon dioxide
- (d) nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide
Show answer
Answer: (d) nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide
Q207Prelims 2013
With reference to food chains in ecosystems, consider the following statements:
- 1. A food chain illustrates the order in which a chain of organisms feeds upon each other.
- 2. Food chains are found within the populations of a species.
- 3. A food chain illustrates the numbers of each organism that are eaten by others.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 1, 2 and 3
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only
Q208Prelims 2013
Which of the following adds/add nitrogen to the soil?
- 1. Excretion of urea by animals
- 2. Burning of coal by man
- 3. Death of vegetation
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q209Prelims 2013
Which one of the following terms describes not only the physical space occupied by an organism but also its functional role in the community of organisms?
- (a) Ecotone
- (b) Ecological niche
- (c) Habitat
- (d) Home range
Show answer
Answer: (b) Ecological niche
Q210Prelims 2013
Which of the following can be found as pollutants in the drinking water in some parts of India?
- 1. Arsenic
- 2. Sorbitol
- 3. Fluoride
- 4. Formaldehyde
- 5. Uranium
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 and 3 only
- (b) 2, 4 and 5 only
- (c) 1, 3 and 5 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1, 3 and 5 only
Q211Prelims 2013
Photochemical smog is a resultant of the reaction among
- (a) NO, O and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight 2 3
- (b) CO, O and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight 2
- (c) CO, CO and NO at low temperature 2 2
- (d) high concentration of NO, O and CO in the evening 2 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) NO, O and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight 2 3
Q212Prelims 2013
Consider the following fauna and India:
- 1. Gharial
- 2. Leatherback turtle
- 3. Swamp deer
Which of the above is/are endangered?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 3 only
- (c) 1, 2 and 3
- (d) None
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 3
Q213Prelims 2013
Consider the following:
- 1. Star tortoise
- 2. Monitor lizard
- 3. Pygmy hog
- 4. Spider monkey
Which of the above are naturally found in India?
- (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
Q214Prelims 2013
Consider the following animals:
- 1. Sea cow
- 2. Sea horse
- 3. Sea lion
Which of the above is/are mammal/mammals?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only
Q215Prelims 2013
In which of the following States is lion-tailed macaque found in its natural habitat?
- 1. Tamil Nadu
- 2. Kerala
- 3. Karnataka
- 4. Andhra Pradesh
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 1, 3 and 4 only
- (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
Q216Prelims 2013
With reference to the usefulness of the by- products of the sugar industry, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- 1. Bagasse can be used as biomass fuel for the generation of energy.
- 2. Molasses can be used as one of the feedstocks for the production of synthetic chemical fertilisers.
- 3. Molasses can be used for the production of ethanol.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
Q217Prelims 2013
Consider the following organisms:
- 1. Agaricus
- 2. Nostoc
- 3. Spirogyra
Which of the above is/are used as biofertilizer/biofertilizers?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only