Theme T54 · Indian Society

Migration: internal, international & illegal

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What UPSC asks

Questions ask why big cities attract more migrants, changing labour migration trends, and illegal cross-border migration as a security threat.

Prepare these

• Push and pull factors; rural-urban migration
• Labour migration within and outside India (Gulf)
• Illegal migration from neighbours: security, demographic effects, border fencing

Answer writing

• Combine society and security angles

Directive words in these PYQs: Discuss (3), Why (1).

Linked themes

Builds on: study these first

These come earlier in the roadmap. Questions in this theme use them.

Comes back later in

Later themes that take this one further.

On the map

Syllabus lines covered

• GS1-L7 — Role of women and women's organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
• GS3-L19 — Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of organized crime with terrorism

All 3 PYQs, newest first

1. GS1202410 marks · 150 wordsGS1-SOC-05-M2024-Q05

   Why do large cities tend to attract more migrants than smaller towns? Discuss in the light of conditions in developing countries.

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2. GS12015GS1-SOC-03-M2015-S02

   Discuss the changes in the trends of labour migration within and outside India in the last four decades.

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3. GS32014GS3-SEC-04-M2014-S02

   How does illegal transborder migration pose a threat to India’s security? Discuss the strategies to curb this, bringing out the factors which give impetus to such migration.

   Also needs: T168 Border management: China & Pakistan borders, BADP, drones, airspace, LadakhCopyReport a typo