How does illegal transborder migration pose a threat to India’s security? Discuss the strategies to curb this, bringing out the factors which give impetus to such migration.

Theme

T54 Migration: internal, international & illegal

What UPSC asks in this theme

Questions ask why big cities attract more migrants, changing labour migration trends, and illegal cross-border migration as a security threat.

What to cover

• Push and pull factors; rural-urban migration
• Labour migration within and outside India (Gulf)
• Illegal migration from neighbours: security, demographic effects, border fencing

Writing the answer

• Combine society and security angles

These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 3 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.