UPSC Themes

UPSC CSE Mains 2025 · GS3 · 10 marks · 150 words

How can India achieve energy independence through clean technology by 2047? How can biotechnology play a crucial role in this endeavour?

Theme

T154 Energy security & energy independence

What UPSC asks in this theme

UPSC asks key challenges to energy security, clean-tech independence by 2047, and SDG7 progress.

What to cover

Writing the answer

These notes are for the whole theme, built from all 3 of its PYQs. UPSC does not publish model answers.

On the map

Map module 4: World physical frameworkMap module 6: Resources & agricultureMap module 7: Industry & infrastructureMap module 10: Neighbourhood & sea routes

More PYQs from this theme

  1. GS3202615 marks

    Explain the key challenges for India’s energy security. What measures do you suggest for ensuring energy security along with economic growth and sustainability?

  2. GS32018

    “Access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy is the sine qua non to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).” Comment on the progress made in India in this regard.

All 20 GS3 2025 questions · Technology, Economy, Environment, Security & Disaster Management · Report a typo