Theme T41 · Resources & Economic Geography
Forests, natural vegetation & biodiversity
4PYQs
2GS1
2GS3
2018–20264 distinct years
1asked 2024–26
What UPSC asks
UPSC asks about diversity of natural vegetation, forest status and climate change, biodiversity variation, the Biological Diversity Act, and the Kunming–Montreal framework.
Prepare these
- Vegetation types and controlling factors
- Forest cover status (ISFR) and carbon sinks
- Biological Diversity Act 2002: NBA, SBB, BMCs, access and benefit sharing
- Kunming–Montreal GBF: 30x30 and India's targets
- Wildlife sanctuaries in rainforest regions
Answer writing
- Use data points carefully; name protected areas
Directive words in these PYQs: Discuss (2), Mention (1), Assess (1), Identify (1), Examine (1).
Linked themes
Comes back later in
Later themes that take this one further.
On the map
Map module 4: World physical frameworkMap module 12: Environment overlaysPractise in the sketch lab: GS1 2023Practise in the sketch lab: GS3 2018
Syllabus lines covered
- GS1-L12 — Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location- changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
- GS3-L14 — Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
All 4 PYQs, newest first
- GS3202610 marks · 150 wordsGS3-ENV-01-M2026-S01
- GS1202315 marks · 250 wordsGS1-GEO-07-M2023-Q15
- GS12020GS1-GEO-07-M2020-S03
Examine the status of forest resources of India and its resultant impact on climate change.
- GS32018GS3-ENV-01-M2018-S02